Common food allergies and how to identify them
Food allergies are a growing concern worldwide, affecting people of all ages. These disorders occur when the immune system overreacts to certain foods, causing everything from mild discomfort to severe reactions that require attention. Knowing the most common food allergies and learning how to identify them is essential to protect our health and that of our loved ones. Below, we will discuss the foods that most frequently cause allergies and how to recognize a possible food allergy.
The most common food allergies
Some food allergies are more common than others, and it is important to know what they are in order to be alert to their symptoms. Among the most common are:
- Cow's milk: Common in young children, although many manage to outgrow it as they get older. This allergy can cause symptoms such as vomiting, skin rashes and digestive problems.
- Eggs: The proteins present in egg whites are the main responsible for this allergy, which can cause from skin rashes to severe reactions such as anaphylaxis.
- Peanuts (Peanut): This is one of the most dangerous food allergies due to the possibility of triggering severe reactions such as anaphylaxis, which requires immediate medical attention.
- Nuts: Includes walnuts, almonds, hazelnuts, among others. Like peanuts, this allergy can cause severe reactions.
- Fish and shellfish: These allergies usually develop in adulthood and can cause symptoms such as hives, difficulty breathing and gastrointestinal problems.
- Wheat: Often confused with gluten intolerance, this allergy can cause rashes, swelling and breathing problems.
- Soy: Common in infancy, although many children outgrow this allergy over time. Symptoms may include hives, stomach cramps and breathing difficulties.
How to identify food allergies
Recognizing a food allergy is essential to effectively manage your health. Here are some ways to identify possible allergies:
- Symptom observation: Symptoms of a food allergy can vary widely. They include rashes, hives, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing. Pay attention to these symptoms after consuming certain foods.
- Keep a record: Keep a history of the foods you eat and any reactions you experience. This will help you identify possible triggers.
- Diagnostic tests: Consulting a health care professional for specific tests can provide a more accurate diagnosis. Skin and blood tests can help confirm whether you have a food allergy.
When to consult a physician?
If you suspect you have a food allergy, it is essential to consult a doctor. Allergies can vary in severity and a mild reaction at one time can develop into a serious situation. An allergy specialist can perform the necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis and provide you with an appropriate management plan. Common tests include:
- Skin tests: Detect allergic reactions through small exposures to potential allergens on the skin.
- Blood tests: Measure levels of specific antibodies (IgE) to certain foods.
- Oral challenge tests: Under medical supervision, small amounts of the suspected food are administered to see if there is a reaction.
These tests are essential for accurate diagnosis and proper management of any possible allergy.
Considerations:
Food allergies can have a significant impact on your daily life. Recognizing its symptoms and knowing when to seek medical attention are key steps to protecting your health. If you experience suspicious symptoms or have concerns about a possible allergy, see your doctor for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
