Sprouted potatoes: is it dangerous to eat them?

What happens when potatoes sprout?

Potatoes, once uprooted from the soil, do not surrender to their new condition. Rather, guided by a primal instinct, they try to give birth to a new plant, producing vigorous shoots. This vital process, however, has a downside: as the potato attempts to reproduce, it increases its production of solanine and chaconine, natural substances that can make the tuber bitter and, in large quantities, toxic to humans.

These compounds are present in small amounts in fresh potatoes, but can increase significantly when the potato is exposed to light, moisture or high temperatures (for this reason, it is critical to avoid consuming green or sprouted potatoes and to store them in a cool, dark place). Both solanine and chaconin can have adverse health effects when consumed in high amounts.

Can sprouted potatoes be eaten?

In some cases, sprouted potatoes can be consumed, but this requires careful assessment of their condition and proper handling before bringing them to the table. It is therefore essential to take appropriate action to minimize any hazards.

• Remove sprouts: Sprouts should be removed completely because they concentrate most of the solanine, a toxic substance that forms in potatoes exposed to light. By removing them, the risk of intoxication is significantly reduced.

• Cut off the green parts: The presence of green areas on potatoes indicates an increased concentration of solanine. It is essential to remove them completely to avoid unpleasant health consequences.

• Check the texture: If the potato is wrinkled, soft or shows signs of rotting, it is best to discard it altogether. These indicators suggest that the potato may be rotten and contain a high concentration of solanine.
• Evaluate the sprouts: If the sprouts are very large, numerous, or if the potato looks compromised, it is safer to discard it. An old potato may have high levels of toxins, which are not easily eliminated.

What are the consequences of eating sprouted potatoes?

Consuming sprouted potatoes without proper precautions can lead to undesirable health consequences. Here is a list:

• Nausea and vomiting: Toxic compounds can irritate the gastrointestinal tract, causing discomfort such as nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

• Diarrhea and stomach ache: Ingestion of solanine can cause irritation of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to episodes of diarrhea accompanied by abdominal cramps.

• Headache: Toxins in sprouted potatoes can have a significant impact on the central nervous system. These compounds interfere with the transmission of nerve impulses, causing symptoms ranging from persistent headaches to a general feeling of pressure and heaviness in the head.

• Confusion and lethargy: In severe cases, solanine can trigger nervous system reactions, manifesting in symptoms such as drowsiness and disorientation, requiring medical attention and consultation.

In conclusion

Although lightly sprouted potatoes are generally safe to eat after removing the affected parts, it is always advisable to take some caution. If potatoes show obvious signs of spoilage, such as soft spots or an unpleasant odor, it is best not to use them.

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