Water poisoning: an underestimated danger!
Although proper hydration is essential for the well-being of our bodies, it is important not to overdo it. Did you know that you can go into water intoxication? This phenomenon occurs when too much fluid is ingested in a short period, exceeding the kidneys' ability to eliminate it. Understanding the risks of overhydration is critical to avoid potentially deadly consequences. We discuss this in detail in this article.
What is water intoxication?
Water intoxication, also known as hyperhydration or water poisoning, is a potentially fatal condition that occurs when too much water is consumed in a short period of time, exceeding the capacity of the kidneys to eliminate it. This electrolyte imbalance leads to a dangerous dilution of sodium in the blood, a condition known as hyponatremia, which can have serious health consequences and, in the most extreme cases, lead to death.
Symptoms and risks of hyperhydration
Initial symptoms of water intoxication include nausea, vomiting, headache and confusion. In severe cases, convulsions, coma and even death can occur. As reported by Fanpage.it and picked up by numerous news outlets, a tragic example is that of Ashley Summers, a 35-year-old U.S. woman who died in July 2023 after consuming about four bottles of water in just 20 minutes. This case highlighted the rapidity with which water intoxication can progress, especially in extreme heat, and its potential lethality even in healthy individuals.
What is the maximum amount of water one can take in order not to become intoxicated?
To prevent water intoxication, experts recommend not exceeding an intake of 1-1.5 liters of water per hour. This limit helps maintain electrolyte balance and prevent excessive sodium dilution in the blood. It is essential to listen to your body and drink when you feel thirsty, avoiding forcing large amounts of fluid intake in a short time. According to studies, drinking up to 10-20 liters of water in a few hours can be fatal (Source: Mypersonaltrainer.co.uk).
How much water should we drink every day?
The amount of water to be consumed daily depends on several factors, including age, gender, physical activity level and environmental conditions. According to the recommendations of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), adults should consume:
- Women: about 2 liters of water per day
- Men: about 2.5 liters of water per day
These values include water derived from both beverages and food. In situations of high temperatures or during strenuous physical activity, water needs can increase significantly. It is essential to listen to your body's signals and ensure that you maintain adequate hydration to support the proper functioning of all physiological processes (Source: Ministry of Health).
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